Table 1 Main futures of cerebral ischemic tolerance
From: Preconditioning-induced ischemic tolerance: a window into endogenous gearing for cerebroprotection
General | Preconditioning specific |
|---|---|
   • Robust cerebroprotection |    • Two phased: early and delayed |
   • The interval between preconditioning and ischemia determines the fate |    • Early tolerance starts in minutes, delayed tolerance not usually before 24 h |
   • Ischemic tolerance is transient |    • After early phase, but before delayed phase no tolerance is achieved |
   • Ischemic tolerance can be induced by a variety of stimuli |    • Early phase is short-lasting, delayed phase longer, up to 1 week |
   • Transient ischemic attacks confer ischemic tolerance in humans |    • Preconditioning preserves cortical/penumbral tissue in focal ischemia models |