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  2. G-CSF is widely employed for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Recently, neuroprotective effects of G-CSF in animal stroke models were discovered including infarct size reduction and enhanceme...

    Authors: Jens Minnerup, Sevgi Sevimli and Wolf-Rüdiger Schäbitz
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2009 1:2
    Content type: Review Published on:

  3. An inflammatory insult following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) is associated with a predisposition to develop a deleterious autoimmune response to the brain antigen myelin basic protein (MBP). Induct...

    Authors: J Michael Gee, Dannielle Zierath, Jessica Hadwin, Anna Savos, Angela Kalil, Matthew Thullbery and Kyra J Becker
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2009 1:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. The tissue protective functions of the hematopoietic growth factor erythropoietin (EPO) are independent of its action on erythropoiesis. EPO and its receptors (EPOR) are expressed in multiple brain cells durin...

    Authors: Nadiya Byts and Anna-Leena Sirén
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2009 1:4
    Content type: Review Published on:

  7. Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death in many countries. Understanding the pathophysiology of ischemic injury and developing therapies is an important endeavor that requires much additional researc...

    Authors: Kenneth M Sicard and Marc Fisher
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2009 1:7
    Content type: Review Published on:

  9. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine of the interleukin-1 family which is upregulated after cerebral ischemia. The functional role of IL-18 in cerebral ischemia is unknown. In the present study...

    Authors: Stefan Braeuninger, Christoph Kleinschnitz and Guido Stoll
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Increasing evidence suggests that cell therapy improves functional recovery in experimental models of stroke and myocardial infarction. So far only small pilot trials tested the effects of cell therapy in stro...

    Authors: Jens Minnerup, Florian H Seeger, Katharina Kuhnert, Kai Diederich, Matthias Schilling, Stefanie Dimmeler and Wolf-Rüdiger Schäbitz
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (pMCAO) by electrocoagulation is a commonly used model but with potential traumatic lesions. Early MRI monitoring may assess pMCAO for non-specific brain damage...

    Authors: Fabien Chauveau, Samir Moucharrafie, Marlène Wiart, Jean-Christophe Brisset, Yves Berthezène, Norbert Nighoghossian and Tae-Hee Cho
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:4
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  13. Anticoagulation is an important means to prevent from acute ischemic stroke but is associated with a significant risk of severe hemorrhages. Previous studies have shown that blood coagulation factor XII (FXII)...

    Authors: Peter Kraft, Tobias Schwarz, Lionel Pochet, Guido Stoll and Christoph Kleinschnitz
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Transgenic mice bred on C57Bl/6 or Sv/129 genetic background are frequently used in stroke research. It is well established that variations in cerebrovascular anatomy and hemodynamics can influence stroke outc...

    Authors: Mirko Pham, Xavier Helluy, Stefan Braeuninger, Peter Jakob, Guido Stoll, Christoph Kleinschnitz and Martin Bendszus
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Report on the 1st scientific meeting of the "Verein zur Forderung des Wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses in der Neurologie" (NEUROWIND e.V.) held in Mittenwalde/Motzen, Germany, Oct. 30th - Nov. 1st, 2009

    Authors: Tim Magnus, Ralf Linker, Sven G Meuth, Christoph Kleinschnitz and Thomas Korn
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:7
    Content type: Meeting report Published on:

  16. We are currently investigating microglial activation and neuronal precursor cell (NPC) proliferation after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo) in rats. This study aimed: (1) to investigate diffe...

    Authors: Jesper Kelsen, Marianne H Larsen, Jens Christian Sørensen, Arne Møller, Jørgen Frøkiær, Søren Nielsen, Jens R Nyengaard, Jens D Mikkelsen and Lars Christian B Rønn
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) has remarkable neuroprotective properties. Due to its proven safety profile, G-CSF is currently used in clinical stroke trials. As neuroprotectants are considered ...

    Authors: Rainer Kollmar, Nils Henninger, Christian Urbanek and Stefan Schwab
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Although the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells (BMSC) has been demonstrated in different experimental models of ischemic stroke, it remains unclear how stem cells (SC) induce neur...

    Authors: Gokhan Yilmaz, J Steven Alexander, Cigdem Erkuran Yilmaz and D Neil Granger
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. The prostaglandin E2 EP2 receptor has been shown to be important in dictating outcomes in various neuroinflammatory disorders. Here, we investigated the importance of the EP2 receptor in short- and long-term isch...

    Authors: Muzamil Ahmad, Sofiyan Saleem, Zahoor Shah, Takayuki Maruyama, Shuh Narumiya and Sylvain Doré
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Stroke is a common cause of permanent disability accompanied by devastating impairments for which there is a pressing need for effective treatment. Motor, sensory and cognitive deficits are common following st...

    Authors: Krystal L Schaar, Miranda M Brenneman and Sean I Savitz
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:13
    Content type: Review Published on:

  22. Recently, members of the two-pore domain potassium channel family (K2P channels) could be shown to be involved in mechanisms contributing to neuronal damage after cerebral ischemia. K2P3.1-/- animals showed large...

    Authors: Petra Ehling, Stefan Bittner, Nicole Bobak, Tobias Schwarz, Heinz Wiendl, Thomas Budde, Christoph Kleinschnitz and Sven G Meuth
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2013 5:3

  23. Adiponectin is a hormone produced in and released from adipose cells, which has been shown to have anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory actions in peripheral cells. Two cell surface adiponectin receptors (ADRs)...

    Authors: John Thundyil, Sung-Chun Tang, Eitan Okun, Kausik Shah, Vardan T Karamyan, Yu-I Li, Trent M Woodruff, Stephen M Taylor, Dong-Gyu Jo, Mark P Mattson and Thiruma V Arumugam
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Traumatic brain injury, a leading cause of death and disability, is a result of an outside force causing mechanical disruption of brain tissue and delayed pathogenic events which collectively exacerbate the in...

    Authors: Christiane Albert-Weissenberger and Anna-Leena Sirén
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:16
    Content type: Review Published on:

  25. Reliable models are essential for translational stroke research to study the pathophysiology of ischaemic stroke in an effort to find therapies that may ultimately reduce oedema, infarction and mortality in th...

    Authors: Karsten Overgaard, Rune S Rasmussen and Flemming F Johansen
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. A major consequence of stroke is permanent motor disturbance, such as postural imbalance and loss of skilled movement. The degree of neuronal and functional loss and subsequent recovery after stroke is influen...

    Authors: Fabiola CR Zucchi, Norah-Faye Matthies, Noora Badr and Gerlinde A Metz
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:18
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  27. Increased systemic cytokines and elevated brain levels of monoamines, and hydroxyl radical productions are thought to aggravate the conditions of cerebral ischemia and neuronal damage during heat stroke. Dexam...

    Authors: Tsai-Hsiu Yang, Mei-Fen Shih, Yi-Szu Wen, Wen-Yueh Ho, Kuen-Lin Leu, Mei-Ying Wang and Chia-Chyuan Liu
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Several proteins are known to be markedly expressed in the brain during cerebral ischemia; however, the changes in protein profiles within the ischemic brain after an ischemic insult have not been fully elucid...

    Authors: Kana Hyakkoku, Junya Hamanaka, Kazuhiro Tsuruma, Masamitsu Shimazawa and Hideaki Hara
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:20
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Neuroinflammation evolves as a multi-facetted response to focal cerebral ischemia. It involves activation of resident glia cell populations, recruitment of blood-derived leucocytes as well as humoral responses...

    Authors: Maureen Walberer, Maria A Rueger, Marie-Lune Simard, Beata Emig, Sebastian Jander, Gereon R Fink and Michael Schroeter
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2010 2:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. FTY720, an immunomodulator derived from a fungal metabolite which reduces circulating lymphocyte counts by increasing the homing of lymphocytes to the lymph nodes has recently gained interest in stroke researc...

    Authors: Waltraud Pfeilschifter, Bożena Czech-Zechmeister, Marian Sujak, Christian Foerch, Thomas A Wichelhaus and Josef Pfeilschifter
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. After promising results in experimental stroke, normobaric (NBO) or hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) have recently been discussed as co-medication with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for improving outcome. Thi...

    Authors: Dominik Michalski, Johann Pelz, Christopher Weise, Johannes Kacza, Johannes Boltze, Jens Grosche, Manja Kamprad, Dietmar Schneider, Carsten Hobohm and Wolfgang Härtig
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Despite extensive research efforts in the field of cerebral ischemia, numerous disappointments came from the translational step. Even if experimental studies showed a large number of promising drugs, most of t...

    Authors: Thomas Freret, Pascale Schumann-Bard, Michel Boulouard and Valentine Bouet
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:6
    Content type: Letter to the Editor Published on:

  37. The investigation of central nervous system vascular changes in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is a time-honored concept. Yet, recent reports on changes in venous cerebrospinal outflow, the adv...

    Authors: Anne Waschbisch, Arndt Manzel, Ralf A Linker and De-Hyung Lee
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:7
    Content type: Review Published on:

  38. Stroke, a major cause of disability and mortality in the elderly, occurs when a cerebral blood vessel is occluded or ruptured, resulting in ischemic damage and death of brain cells. The injury mechanism involv...

    Authors: Silvia Manzanero, Mathias Gelderblom, Tim Magnus and Thiruma V Arumugam
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:8
    Content type: Review Published on:

  39. Platelets play an important role in ischemic stroke. GPIbα is a major platelet receptor that is critical for platelet adhesion to exposed subendothelial matrix components at sites of vascular damage.

    Authors: Simon F De Meyer, Tobias Schwarz, Daphne Schatzberg and Denisa D Wagner
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:9
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Intra-arterial (IA) administration of rt-PA for ischemic stroke has the potential for greater thrombolytic efficacy, especially for a large thrombus in the M1 or M2 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA)....

    Authors: R Christian Crumrine, Victor J Marder, G McLeod Taylor, Joseph C LaManna, Constantinos P Tsipis, Philip Scuderi, Stephen R Petteway Jr and Vikram Arora
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Inflammatory cascades contribute to secondary injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) via humoral factors and cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Several experimental models were previously developed to analyze po...

    Authors: Arthur Liesz, Moritz Middelhoff, Wei Zhou, Simone Karcher, Sergio Illanes and Roland Veltkamp
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. ATP-binding cassette transporters at the blood-brain barrier are actively regulated upon ischemic stroke in a way that impedes the access of pharmacological compounds to the brain tissue. The luminal endotheli...

    Authors: Pauline Patak, Fengyan Jin, Simon T Schäfer, Eric Metzen and Dirk M Hermann
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. To date, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the only approved drug for ischemic stroke. It is intravenously administered functioning as a thrombolytic agent and is used to obtain reperfusion of...

    Authors: Huong T Le, Aaron C Hirko, Jeffrey S Thinschmidt, Maria Grant, Zhimin Li, Joanna Peris, Michael A King, Jeffrey A Hughes and Sihong Song
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. In the era of evidence-based medicine, large, randomized, controlled, multicenter studies represent the "summit of evidence". In contrast to specialties like cardiology, the majority of randomized, controlled ...

    Authors: Tim G Kampmeier, Christian Ertmer and Sebastian Rehberg
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:14
    Content type: Review Published on:

  45. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockers lower the incidence of ischemic stroke in hypertensive patients and attenuate brain inflammation and injury in animal models. Although AT1R on both blood cells (B...

    Authors: Mutsumi Nagai, Satoshi Terao, Shantel A Vital, Stephen F Rodrigues, Gokhan Yilmaz and D Neil Granger
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. Minocycline provides neurovascular protection reducing acute cerebral injury. However, it is unclear whether minocycline is effective in females. We tested minocycline in both sexes and aged animals using a no...

    Authors: Md Nasrul Hoda, Weiguo Li, Ajmal Ahmad, Safia Ogbi, Marina A Zemskova, Maribeth H Johnson, Adviye Ergul, William D Hill, David C Hess and Irina Y Sazonova
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2011 3:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a result of an outside force causing immediate mechanical disruption of brain tissue and delayed pathogenic events. In order to examine injury processes associated with TBI, a n...

    Authors: Christiane Albert-Weißenberger, Csanád Várrallyay, Furat Raslan, Christoph Kleinschnitz and Anna-Leena Sirén
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2012 4:1
    Content type: Review Published on:

  48. From November 4th- 6th 2011, the 3rd NEUROWIND e.V. meeting was held in Motzen, Brandenburg, Germany. Like in the previous years, the meeting provided an excellent platform for scientific exchange and the present...

    Authors: Christoph Kleinschnitz, Sven G Meuth, Tim Magnus, Thomas Korn and Ralf A Linker
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2012 4:2
    Content type: Meeting report Published on:

  49. Hypothermia is neuroprotective in experimental stroke and may extend the so far limited therapeutic time window for thrombolysis. Therefore, hypothermia of 34°C and its effects on delayed thrombolysis includin...

    Authors: Bernd Kallmünzer, Stefan Schwab and Rainer Kollmar
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2012 4:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Activation of adenosine A1 receptors has neuroprotective effects in animal stroke models. Adenosine levels are regulated by nucleoside transporters. In vitro studies showed that neuron-specific expression of huma...

    Authors: Hanifi Soylu, Dali Zhang, Richard Buist, Melanie Martin, Benedict C Albensi and Fiona E Parkinson
    Citation: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 2012 4:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine

ISSN: 2040-7378

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